Timeline
| Irish History | Population | Date | Butler History Ormonde and Ballin Temple |
| Pre Celts | under 50,000 | pre 400 BC | NA |
| Celtic invasions | under 100,000 | 400 - 150 BC | NA |
| Christianity and St Patrick | under 200,000 | 432 | NA |
| Viking invasions | under 200,000 | 800 - 900 | Viking ancestors of Hervey Walter invade and dominate north west France which becomes home of the Norse men or Normandy. |
| Battle of Clontarf | under 200,000 | 1014 | NA |
| Norman Invasion of Ireland - Henry II. | under 250,000 | 1169 | Hervey Walter, great-grandson of Norman invaders of Britain, married to Maude de Valognes, estates in Lancashire and East Anglia. |
| Office of Chief Butler of Ireland instituted | under 250,000 | 1185 | Theobald Walter made first Chief Butler by Henry II. |
| Bonds of friendship and peace develop among Butler, O'Neill, O'Brien, O'Connor, MacMurrough, O'Kennedy clans. | under 300,000 | 1300s | Chief Butler achieves Earl of Ormonde (1328), Earl of Karryck (or Gowran), Earl of Ossory. Moves seat to Kilkenny Castle in 1393 (site of Kings of Ossory). |
| Earl of Kildare Supremacy | under 500,000 | 1478 - 1513 | Peace maintained among main families. Red Piers Butler married Magaret FitzGerald daughter of 8th Earl of Kildare. |
| Revolt of Silken Thomas | under 500,000 | 1534 | NA |
| Henry VIII assumes role of King of Ireland | under 500,000 | 1541 | Black Tom, 10th Earl of Ormonde succeeds father, James, in 1546 at 16. |
| Hugh O'Neills rebellion | under 500,000 | 1595 - 1603 | Chief Butler, Black Tom, as cousin and friend
of Elizabeth I, aids in suppression of rebellion. Edmund, brother of Black Tom, also politically active (infact participating in uprising) and successful, inherits Cloughgrenan Castle and lands, dies 1602. |
| Beginning of the Ulster Plantation under English king James I. | 1607 | ||
| NA | under 500,000 | 1628 | Edmund's fifth son, who inherited Cloughgrenan and Ballin Temple estate of ~10,000 acres, made baronet by Charles I. |
| Cromwellian suppression | under 750,000 | 1649 - 1653 | James Butler, grandson of Black Tom, brought up as royal ward and created Marquess of Ormonde in 1652. Founded College of Physicians in Dublin and Royal Hospital at Kilmainham. Married granddaughter of Black Tom and united title and lands of Ormond in son. |
| Battle of Boyne | under 1,000,000 | 1690 | BT Butlers move to from Cloughgrenan Castle to Garryhunden house around this time. |
| Legislative independence | ~ 5,000,000 | 1782 | NA |
| United Irish rebellion | under ~5,500,000 | 1798 | BT Butlers move from Garryhunden to Ballin Temple around this time. |
| Act of Union is passed, uniting Great Britain and Ireland into the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. | ~6,000,000 | 1800 | NA |
| Tolpuddle Martyrs in Dorset, England - a few agricultural
labourers collude to demand fair terms - the first "union". (See
land reform from 1870 on in Irish History links also Brittanica and Tolpuddle
Museum.) |
~7,000,000 |
1834 |
NA |
| Potato blight hits Europe | ~8,000,000 | 1843 | NA |
| Irish Famine causes Irish population to decrease by 2 million due to death and emigration. | 1845-1849 | NA | |
| Potato blight controlled | ~5,000,000 | 1850 | NA |
| Property bust | Shrinks from ~5 to ~3 milllion | 1850 - 1900 | Estates under economic pressure. 10th Baronet (b 1836) carries colours at Sebastapol then returns in 1862 (age 26) on death of father. Marries 1864. |
| Home Rule movement starts. | ~4,500,000 | 1870 | 10th Baronet represents Carlow in Irish Unionist Alliance, Landowner's Convention. Son born 1872. |
| Land reform | ~3,000,000 | 1881-1920+ | Estates subject to confiscation, refinancing and disintegration. 10th Baronet working on Land Commission in late 1800s. Dies 1909. BT house burnt in 1917, 11th Baronet forced to relocate. |
| Irish Revolution against British rule begins. | 1912 | ||
| The Irish Home Rule Bill, which grants an independent parliament to Ireland, passes, though enactment is delayed until 1920. | 1914 | ||
| Easter Rising in Dublin, in which Irish nationalist forces take control of the city before being forced to surrender by British troops (April 24-April 29). | ~3,000,000 | 1916 | 11th Baronet fighting in Great War on continent. |
| Irish War of Independence between Irish nationalists and British forces. | 1919-1921 | ||
| Dail Eireann (Irish parliament) established | ~3,000,000 | 1919 | NA |
| Government of Ireland Act establishes six of the nine counties of Ulster as the province of Northern Ireland and grants independent parliaments to both Ireland and Northern Ireland. | ~3,000,000 | 1920 | NA |
| Anglo-Irish Treaty s signed, which ends the Irish War of Independence and grants limited freedom to Ireland (December 6). | ~3,000,000 | 1921 | NA |
| The Irish Free State is established, ending the Irish Revolution (December 6). | 1922 | ||
| Civil War breaks out between the Free State government and Irish nationalists opposed to the Anglo-Irish Treaty. | ~3,000,000 | 1922-23 | NA |
| Eire (formerly Irish Free State) becomes an independent member of the British Commonwealth. | 1937 | ||
| The Republic of Ireland becomes an independent state, separate from the British Commonwealth. | ~3,000,000 | 1949 | 12th Baronet fought in WWII on continent, returns to conclusion of land confiscation initiated by Land Commission in 1880-1920; forced to liquidate land to pay debts and death tax. |
| Northern Ireland troubles | ~3,000,000 | 1969-1972 | NA |
| Internment (imprisonment without trial) is introduced in Northern Ireland to combat terrorism. | 1971 | ||
| "Bloody Sunday" - British troops shoot and kill 13 unarmed protesters in Londonderry (January 30). | 1972 | ||
| "Bloody Friday" - IRA detonates a number of bombs in Belfast, killing nine civilians (July 21). | 1972 | ||
| The parliament of Northern Ireland is suspended and the British impose direct rule over the province. | 1972 | ||
| Ireland joins EEC | ~3,500,000 | 1972 | Thomas and Rosemary begin move back to BT. Reopen gardener's cottage and begin rebuilding BT, in spite of economic hard times. |
| Two women from Belfast, Mairead Corrigan and Betty Williams, receive the Nobel Peace Prize for their work to reconcile religious communities in Northern Ireland. | 1976 | ||
| IRA prisoners stage hunger strikes; ten die. | 1980-1981 | ||
| Anglo-Irish Agreement | ~3,500,000 | 1985 | NA |
| Downing Street Declaration, which establishes a framework for peace negotiations, is issued by British and Irish prime ministers | 1993 | ||
| IRA calls unconditional cease-fire (August 31). | 1994 | ||
| IRA ends cease-fire by bombing London's Docklands district, injuring over 100 (February 9). | 1996 | Richard and Diana begin rejuvenating BT. Rebuild derelict cottages retaining traditional features. | |
| Ireland initiates circulation of the Euro. | ~3,900,000 | 2002 | Vegetable production certified organic. |
